Osetra caviar comes from medium-sized sturgeon normally weighing up to 200 kg and measuring at around 2 meters long. It uses an elongated snout to vacuum up plants and small sea life. Like beluga, osetra is found in the Caspian Sea and produced primarily in Russia. Osetra is slightly less rare than beluga but is referred to as the "golden child" of the sturgeon family because of its color. Osetra can appear extremely dark, almost black but it can also lighten up to display a golden color.

Russia is considered to be the leading exporter of world-class osetra caviar due to the country's rich history of harvesting the fish as well as hatching techniques that have been employed since the 1950s. Some describe the taste of osetra caviar to be comparable with that of hazel nuts while many feel it presents a buttery flavor. Although seen as an elegant compliment to a meal or as a luxurious hors d'oeuvre, osetra can be enjoyed in a variety of dining situations.